Receiving "Your device is temporarily blocked from synchronizing using Exchange ActiveSync...." from Microsoft Outlook

Summary

Users will experience nuisance messages in their Outlook inbox about synchronizing using Exchange. This is caused by incorrectly configuring the Windows 10 mail app instead of using Outlook.

Instructions

Go to the Search bar on the lower-left corner of your screen and type "Mail". You should see the Mail app.
Open the Mail app and go to the settings. (Depending on the version of the Mail app, the navigation may be slightly different, but the action is the same).
You'll find a setting where you can manage accounts. Click on it, and you'll see your email address.
Click on your email address and the sign in window will open.
At the bottom of the window, you will see an option to delete the account. Delete it.

These steps should eliminate the nuisance email.